Fabric hand properties significantly influence consumer satisfaction and product quality in the textile industry. This study investigates the application of the Fabric Touch Tester (FTT) and Fabric Big Data (FBD) platform for digitising and tracing fabric hand properties during wool textile manufacturing. The research builds on prior studies, confirming that FTT effectively quantifies hand properties during manufacturing, while the FBD platform enables real-time visualisation and networked access to production data. Results reveal that this approach allows fabric properties during manufacturing to be well monitored and enable manufacturers to consider whether redundant steps could be eliminated to enhance resource efficiency. Additionally, this study demonstrates how integrating digital tools into production workflows aligns with ESG and ESPR goals by reducing waste and optimising resource use. These findings offer practical guidance for advancing sustainable textile manufacturing, laying the foundation for more intelligent and transparent production systems.

This work realises the total parametric design of the insole through the topological structural design of the lattice units, which helps to meet the pressure requirements of different locations and increase the comfort and personalisation of insoles. Prior research has primarily concentrated on creating planar porous structures and basic geometric insole structures; intricate three-dimensional lattice structure optimisation has been systematically neglected. To close this gap, the research examines three common porous lattice structural units for analysis: equilateral triangular, square, and hexagonal units. It does this by using 3D printing technology to produce customised insoles. In addition, variance analysis is carried out, and the orthogonal experimental design method is used to examine the significant impact of structural design factors on the compressive performance of the porous lattice structure. The lattice’s structural neutral size, unit size, and rod diameter are chosen to influence the elastic modulus. With a 22% reduction in maximum plantar pressure and an 18% reduction in average pressure compared to the uniform solid structure, research reveals a considerable improvement in plantar pressure distribution with the lattice insole structure created in this study. In the meantime, the porous lattice structure’s overall weight is 15% less than that of the solid structure, which successfully reduces the insole’s burden while still fulfilling the standards for mechanical performance. This study offers a fresh technological perspective on creating customised, comfortable insoles.

Warmth is a key consideration for consumers when choosing products. Existing research has mostly focused on testing the warmth performance of down products in a horizontal state, neglecting the nonhorizontal state during actual wearing. This study investigates the thermal insulation performance of down waddings under different placement conditions and their interrelationships. Four types of stitching spacing and five types of unit filling amounts are determined through market research, and 20 pieces of down waddings are made. Thermal resistance experiments are conducted in both horizontal placement and 24-hour suspension states. The experimental results show that under 24-hour suspension, the thermal resistance value of down waddings generally decreases; Under the same stitching spacing conditions, the unit filling amount corresponding to the maximum thermal resistance value in the 24-hour suspension state has decreased; There is a significant difference in thermal resistance values between the two placement states, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.939, indicating a strong positive correlation; A mathematical regression model y = 0.825x + 0.033 is established through SPSS analysis to describe the relationship between the thermal insulation of down wadding in two different placement conditions. The findings of this study provide an important theoretical basis and practical guidance for further research, design, and production of down products.

Ultimately, a specification system for women’s shirt sizes was established, providing a novel approach to research on body types and sizing systems.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) demonstrate great potential in biosensing applications, particularly in sweat sensing, due to their high specific surface area, adjustable pore sizes, and unique catalytic properties. This review presents the advancements, fabrication techniques and potential applications of flexible sweat sensors utilizing MOFs. The background and importance of MOFs in sweat sensing were introduced, underscoring their capacity to elevate the efficiency and precision of such sensors. The structural optimisation, ligand choice, and fabrication techniques of MOFs were discussed. Various synthesis methods were explored, including electrochemical, solvothermal, room-temperature, and microwave/ultrasound-assisted approaches. The applications of MOF-based sweat sensors in trace element detection, colourimetric sensing, sports monitoring, and biomedicine were highlighted. MOFs’ high sensitivity, selectivity, and stability in these contexts underscore their potential to enhance sensor performance. The review concludes by discussing the challenges faced by flexible sweat sensors based on Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), such as the diversification of detectable substances. It outlines future directions, particularly towards intelligence and high efficiency. It emphasizes the necessity of achieving high precision and multifunctionality. This review comprehensively analyses the current status and future prospects of flexible sweat sensors utilising MOFs, highlighting their significant role in advancing sweat-sensing technology.

With the development of 3D printing technology, its application in the apparel industry, especially in bra

cup design, has drawn attention. Previous studies have explored the use of 3D printing for underwear

customisation. Yet, issues such as poor flexibility, heavy weight, excessive material consumption, and

low comfort of printed materials remain, limiting the wide application of 3D-printed bra cups. There is

a research gap in effectively optimising the structural design of 3D-printed bra cups to overcome these

drawbacks. This paper aims to address this gap by investigating the use of lattice structures in designing

3D-printed bra cups and analysing how rod diameter and material hardness affect the elastic modulus

of the lattice-based cup designs. Through a series of experiments, it is found that both parameters

significantly influence the modulus, with material hardness being more crucial. By using the RESIONE

F80 material with a 1 mm rod diameter for lattice infill, the volume of the 3D printed cup is reduced by

45.16%, porosity is enhanced, and ventilation and comfort are greatly improved.

The comfort of wearing suits, a staple of formal attire, is crucial for the human body. Studies and surveys

indicate that individuals often experience discomfort and shoulder pain due to ill-fitting suits, leading to

uneven pressure distribution and subsequent fatigue. Due to the increasing demands of consumers for

clothing, the issue of discomfort in the shoulder area of women’s suits requires improvement. However,

most research on women’s suits has focused on aesthetic aspects, with little attention given to the

pressure comfort of the shoulder region. This study bridges this gap by examining pattern optimisation

and pressure comfort in women’s suits. The study uses Martin’s measuring instruments and 3D scanning

to gather shoulder data from young women. The goal is to understand the typical shape and structure of

human shoulders. With this information, we develop a method to optimise shoulder patterns in clothing,

ensuring they can be adapted to fit different shoulder types comfortably. The research identifies the

relationship between the shoulder slope angles of suit patterns and human shoulder shapes, formulating

an equation to link body morphology with pattern design. This study can facilitate designers’

understanding of the relationship between human shoulder morphology and clothing patterns, thereby

enabling the creation of more comfortable women’s suits for consumers.

To increase the protective capacity of yarns while maintaining human wearing comfort, pure UHMWPE filament and Spandex were combined to fabricate an elastic high-performance covered yarn. The various wrapping process parameters were adjusted to prepare this single-lay-covered yarn with a perfect wrapping status, which also can achieve the balance of strength and elasticity. It was discovered that the wrapping process seriously affected the covered yarn’s performance, and the new single-lay covered yarn showed desirable high strength and super elasticity. The strength of covered yarns shows three types of trend with the twist added, including first steep (300 t/m ∼ 400 t/m), then gentle (500 t/m ∼ 600 t/m) and last drastic (700 t/m ∼ 800 t/m). The covered yarn twisted at 700 t/m shows the optimal coverage morphology, excellent elasticity, and high strength. Finally, an elastic cut-resistant fabric is practically knitted by this fabricated elastic cut-resistant composite yarn, and it presents good flexibility and protection with Level 2 cut resistance under standard testing. The fabricated elastic high-performance covered yarn is an ideal material for producing highly elastic protective textiles and is applied to manufacture high-quality flexible protective equipment.

To solve the problems of wheelchair users’ shoes and boots in the aspects of convenience, warmth, and comfort in low-temperature environments and better meet their physiological and psychological needs, this paper proposes a structural design scheme of easy-to-wear and take-off warm boots based on a new type of warm wadding. At the same time, the fuzzy mathematics comprehensive evaluation method was used to select a new kind of flocculant with excellent thermal and wet comfort polyester fiber flocculant as the filling material for the follow-up warm boots. This paper has guiding significance and application value to the development and application of wheelchair users to put on and take off warm boots.

Sustainability in the fashion and textile industry is becoming a significant research focus due to global warming and climate change. However, more research is needed on consumers’ carbon emissions in the context of clothing consumers. This study focuses on consumers and develops a comprehensive accounting model of the carbon footprint of clothing consumption. A simulation experiment is conducted through surveys and empirical data to calculate the carbon emissions associated with consumers engaging in clothing purchase and clothing use. The sensitivity analysis examines the factors influencing carbon emissions at each stage. The finding reveals that in the overall carbon footprint of clothing consumers, clothing use has the highest impact than clothing purchase. The findings from this study offer valuable insights for consumers looking to reduce their carbon footprint during clothing purchase and use and also serve as a foundation for future research endeavours, which has great significance for the reduction of carbon emissions in society as a whole.

Breast measurement presents a complex challenge in the design of sports bras, particularly for adolescent girls whose bodies are rapidly changing. This study aimed to explore breast anthropometry among adolescents. A survey involving 23 girls aged 10 to 14 assessed their understanding of bra-related problems. In comparison, a wear trial with 7 girls sized 30AA to 32A evaluated their preferences through five bra conditions, 3D scanning and questionnaires. The study revealed a significant knowledge gap, with only 8.7% having had a bra fitting and less than half knowing how to determine their bra size. Notably, the upper bust measurement was significantly correlated with the level of “coolness” (r = −0.395 and p = 0.038), and the under bust measurement was correlated with the level of “comfort” (r = −0.441 and p = 0.019). The findings suggest a need for breathable fabrics in the upper bust while a preference for a stretchable underband to accommodate body growth. These results highlight the need to design sports bras tailored to the unique needs of adolescent girls, providing designers with critical insights into the necessary features and dimensions for optimal comfort during physical activity.

The formal attire of female wheelchair users has received increasing attention in design research,

particularly in response to unmet needs in professional settings. However, most existing studies focus on

casual or adaptive sportswear, leaving a significant gap in exploring clothing suitable for formal contexts.

This study proposes a design method for optimising shirt prototypes for wheelchair users, incorporating

two key interventions: structural pattern adjustments and fabric innovation. The method was evaluated

through interviews with 51 participants. Conventional shirts often fail to accommodate the seated

posture, resulting in poor fit, restricted mobility, and discomfort. To address these issues, structural

modifications were introduced to the armholes, sleeve caps, and plackets to enhance forward-reaching

mobility and improve dressing convenience. Similarly, fabrics suitable for individuals with limited hand

dexterity were selected based on thermal-moisture comfort and usability criteria. Subjective evaluations

demonstrated that the synergy between structural refinement and fabric selection significantly improved

arm mobility and comfort in a seated position. This study offers practical insights for inclusive formalwear

design, presenting a method that balances formal attire for female wheelchair users.

Despite the growing use of digital applications in cultural heritage preservation, limited research exists on

the comparative effectiveness of digital versus traditional display methods for preserving ethnic costume

heritage. This study investigates how digital technologies influence the perception of Korean traditional

costumes among China’s Korean ethnic minority (Chaoxianzu). Using CLO3D digital modelling and

questionnaire surveys (n = 107), we found that digital display methods excel in communicating costume

characteristics through three-dimensional visualisation and multi-angle presentation, with particularly

strong evaluations for intuitiveness (81.31%) and colour representation (76.64%). Digital methods

significantly enhance cultural understanding (75.70%) and stimulate innovative applications (70.09%),

especially among younger audiences (85% positive response rate). Our findings reveal that digital and

physical display methods serve complementary rather than competing roles—digital methods excel in

accessibility and spatial representation (87.85% preferred for multi-angle observation). In comparison,

traditional approaches provide essential tactile experiences, which are valued for their material experience

(89.72%). Statistical analysis identifies 360◦ multi-angle observation (β = 0.41) and magnified detail

observation (β = 0.35) as the most critical technical factors affecting perception value. This research

provides empirical evidence for developing integrated preservation strategies that combine digital

technologies with traditional approaches to enhance the transmission and sustainable development of

ethnic costume heritage.

Hairspray is widely used worldwide in beauty salons and barbershops to create customized hairstyles. However, the chemicals in hairspray are highly flammable, posing significant risks of burn injuries to staff and customers, especially when clothing is exposed to heated tools such as hairdryers or curling irons. Hairsprays typically contain polymer-based adhesives, liquid solvents, and propellant gases. During application, a notable amount of overspray can settle on clothing, depositing a thin adhesive layer on the fabric. This research project aimed to assess how exposure to hairspray alters the flammability of different fabric types, including Silk, Cotton, Wool, Nylon, and Polyester. Fifteen fabric samples were treated with hairspray, while another fifteen samples served as untreated controls. All treated samples were exposed to the same amount of hairspray and left to dry for 24 hours, while the control samples remained untouched. Flame temperatures and total burn times were measured during testing. The findings revealed that the maximum flame temperatures for Polyester increased by 140%, with burn times rising by 74%. For Nylon, flame temperatures rose 178%, and burn times increased 75%. In contrast, the flame temperatures and burn times for Silk, Cotton, and Wool remained unchanged. The results of further analysis using differential scanning calorimetry and Raman Microspectroscopy suggested that the flammability differences between natural and synthetic fibres are linked to fibre

polarity and hydrophobicity variations.

Difficulty in travelling has always been a problem for visually impaired people in their daily lives, and

smart wearable devices have shown great potential in helping the visually impaired to travel by their

portability and interactivity. Therefore, this paper provides an overview of smart wearable devices

that assist the visually impaired in travelling. The paper first analyses the characteristics of visually

impaired people to understand their needs, and then briefly reviews the history of travel assistance

devices. The paper then analyses the working mechanisms of smart wearable devices and divides them

into three categories based on how they return information to the user. Then, the paper summarises the

advantages and disadvantages of different types of devices and the disadvantages common to all types by

detailing the working principles, functions, and usage effects of a dozen different types of devices. Finally,

it summarises the current research status and limitations, and proposes future research directions. It

aims to provide a reference for the development of smart wearable devices that assist visually impaired

people in travelling