31 December 2025, Volume 18 Issue 4

    

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  Comparison of Support and Clothing Pressure Distribution in Japanese and Australian Maternity Support Garments

  Tamaki Takada-Mitsuno, Carolina Quintero Rodriguez

  Journal of Fiber and Bioengineering and Informatics. 2025, 18(4): 275-290. https://doi.org/10.3993/jfbim00057

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  During the middle and late stages of pregnancy, the foetus grows rapidly, and the movements of the expectant mother are restricted. Therefore, a method that can support a sagging abdomen to support movement and distribute the weight of the lower abdomen throughout the torso to reduce the burden on the lower back needs to be investigated. This study aimed to develop a maternity support garment (MSG) that would provide comfortable support for rapid abdominal changes during the later stages of pregnancy. Nine types of MSGs used in Japan and Australia were analysed in terms of their clothing pressure distribution with a pregnant mannequin. In addition, pressure sense was indexed by the sensory evaluation of Japanese nongravid women in their 20 s and 30 s, and clothing pressure values obtained via simulation were analysed. The clothing pressure distribution of Japanese MSG is either almost perfect or looser, and when used alone, the MSGs keep the abdomen warm, except when the attached belt is used. Conversely, the Australian MSG is used with three types of tightness recommended by maternity hospitals; however, when double-layered with soft and hard types, the soft type concentrates pressure on the abdomen, and even the single-layer hard type MSG was observed to have higher pressure than the tight-¯t sensation. Although the Australian MSGs provide support rather than insulation, the pressure that they exert on the gravid abdomen can restrict the blood °ow to the foetus. Therefore, a narrow belt was combined with a single MSG and measured. The overlapping angle of the narrow belt generated excessive clothing pressure on the back from the heavy abdomen, making 15± the most suitable. The Australian soft-type single-layer MSG provided a perfect ¯t of clothing pressure but proved inadequate for supporting the heavy abdomen. Therefore, combining a narrow belt yielded good results. It was found that the medium type of MSG was preferred either as a single or double layer according to the pregnant woman's preference, rather than combined with the belt. These ¯ndings are expected to advance understanding of the e®ects of existing MSGs on the pregnant abdomen, thus propelling further development of MSGs.

  
  
  
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  Design Guidelines for Accessible Dining Apparel for the Visually Impaired: Toward Inclusive and Sustainable Fashion

  Yu-He Qin, Zi-Rui Ji, Jun-Xian Li, Jia-Yi Lin, Kai-Yue Yu, Jing Guo

  Journal of Fiber and Bioengineering and Informatics. 2025, 18(4): 291-305. https://doi.org/10.3993/jfbim02201

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  This study is to address the lack of targeted research on accessible clothing for the visually impaired. In response to this gap, we conducted a mixed-methods study involving in-depth interviews, questionnaire surveys, real-world experiments with visually impaired participants to examine their speci¯c clothing needs during meals, and Market investigation. Based on the analysis of over 70 sample cases, the main challenges were identi¯ed as color recognition, stain detection, garment cleaning, functional design, and personalization. Meanwhile, we identify core design requirements for accessible bibs, including stain- resistant materials, ergonomic structures, and aesthetic considerations tailored to users preferences. This paper contributes empirical insights and practical guidelines to support inclusive design in sustainable fashion, o®ering a theoretical foundation for future development of accessible clothing for the visually impaired.
  
  
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  Natural Mordants in Focus: A Comparative Study of Alum and Calcium Hydroxide in Cotton Dyeing with Senna Siamea Heartwood

  Piyanut Jingjit, Yanisa Komonsirichok

  Journal of Fiber and Bioengineering and Informatics. 2025, 18(4): 307-317. https://doi.org/10.3993/jfbim00314

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  This study evaluates the dyeing performance of cotton fabric with a natural dye extracted from the heartwood of Senna siamea, focusing on the e®ects of anodic electrochemical pretreatment combined with varying concentrations of two mordants: potassium aluminium sulfate (alum) and calcium hydroxide. Sodium chloride (10 g/L) was maintained as the auxiliary in all dye baths, while mordant concentrations ranged from 0 to 20 g/L for both alum and calcium hydroxide.
  Colourimetric analysis (CIE Lab*) revealed that alum treatment generally lightened the fabric and decreased colour saturation, with ¢E values reaching 13.11 at 20 g/L, indicating a shift toward washed- out shades. In contrast, calcium hydroxide enhanced fabric brightness and signi¯cantly increased yellow chroma, producing warmer and more vibrant hues, particularly at 10 g/L, which was visually the lightest and showed the greatest colour di®erence (¢E = 14.32).
  Washing fastness (ISO 105-C10) remained consistently good (ratings 3-4/5) across all mordant types and concentrations. Rubbing fastness (ISO 105-X12) improved with increasing mordant concentration, especially for alum at 15-20 g/L and calcium hydroxide at 10 g/L, with wet rubbing ratings improving from 2/3 to 3/4.
  These results highlight the distinct in°uences of alum and calcium hydroxide on colour development and durability, o®ering practical insights for optimising natural dyeing with Senna siamea extract. The study promotes accessible, eco-friendly dyeing techniques suitable for rural artisans, enhancing traditional textile quality and supporting sustainable production.
  
  
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  Mapping Global Research on Sustainable Textile Materials: A Comparative Bibliometric Study of China and International Literature

  Cui-Yun Zhu , An-Ding Liu

  Journal of Fiber and Bioengineering and Informatics. 2025, 18(4): 319-335. https://doi.org/10.3993/jfbim00025

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  At present, the world is facing a critical stage of sustainable development transformation. In particular, the introduction of the EU Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR) marks a fundamental shift in the regulatory paradigm from end-of-pipe governance to ecological design. However, sustainable materials still face challenges in terms of cost, performance, strength, comfort, and large-scale production. At present, there is a lack of cross-country comparative bibliometric analysis on the emerging sustainability trends in textile materials research.Based on this, this study uses CiteSpace (v6.4.RI) to conduct a visual analysis of this ¯eld based on Chinese and English literature from 2010 to 2025 in CNKI and Web of Science databases using bibliometric methods. The key analysis indicators include annual publication volume, national and institutional cooperation networks, high-frequency keywords, keyword clustering, evolution path and emerging terms to compare the research status at home and abroad. This study aims to systematically map and compare the domestic and international research trends of sustainable textile materials to determine the evolving themes and future directions. The results show that the number of related papers has continued to grow in the past 14 years, and China is in a leading position in terms of the number of published papers. International cooperation is characterized by multi-center and decentralization. The current research mainly focuses on three directions: material innovation, performance optimization and environmental governance mechanism. It is expected that future research will focus more on bio-based textile technology (especially bionic materials) and intelligent response materials that can be applied on a large scale, such as thermochromic ¯bers and self-healing composites.
  
  
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  A Lightweight Diffusion Framework for Cultural Pattern Generation Using LoRA

  Jin-song Wang, Xiao-yu Xin, Shuai-shuai Qi, Ge-li Qin

  Journal of Fiber and Bioengineering and Informatics. 2025, 18(4): 337-348. https://doi.org/10.3993/jfbim01883

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  Atlas patterns, a representative element of Uyghur intangible textile heritage from Xinjiang, are renowned for their vibrant colors and intricate symbolic structures. However, existing generative AI approaches often struggle to replicate their cultural semantics or require signi¯cant computational resources. This study addresses these limitations by proposing a low-resource, high-¯delity generation method based on Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) applied to the Stable Di®usion (SD) model. A categorized dataset of 103 Atlas pattern images was constructed and annotated using Peirce's semiotic framework, including Iconographic, Directional, and Cultural Semiotic categories. LoRA modules were used to ¯ne-tune the U-Net component of SD, substantially reducing training complexity and memory usage. Experimental results demonstrate that under optimal parameters (epoch = 100, batch size = 2, U-Net learning rate = 8 £ 10¡4), the model achieves superior performance in MSE, PSNR, and SSIM compared to the base model. The generated patterns e®ectively re°ect the geometric symmetry and cultural motifs of traditional Atlas textiles. This research highlights the practical potential of LoRA-adapted di®usion models in preserving and innovating cultural heritage, especially in the ¯elds of digital fashion, pattern design, and virtual cultural applications.