Ultimately, a specification system for women’s shirt sizes was established, providing a novel approach to research on body types and sizing systems.

Analysing human body shapes requires a substantial amount of anthropometric data. However, traditional manual measurement methods are often inefficient, while 3D scanning devices are expensive and inconvenient. To address these challenges, this study presents a method based on the U2-Net neural network model for extracting human body contours in complex backgrounds, feature point extraction, and circumference fitting analysis. Using data enhancement techniques, we utilized a dataset comprising 2 560 frontal and lateral images of individuals against various backgrounds, which was augmented to 42 800 images. Subsequently, a deep learning network model was trained to accurately fit chest, waist, and hip circumference measurements. Finally, 20 samples were selected for validation, and the predicted values were compared with manually measured values, showing that the errors fall within an acceptable range. The effectiveness and accuracy of this method have been validated, providing a practical solution for anthropometric data collection and body shape research in remote areas.

To prepare wearable personal thermal management fabric, conductive yarn was synthesised by in-situ polymerisation of polyaniline (PANI) and electroless silver plated nanoparticles (AgNPs) using acrylic (PAN) yarn as substrate. Subsequently, AgNPs/PANI/PAN conductive yarns of different structures are woven. SEM, XRD and FT-IR characterised the structure and properties of AgNPs/PANI/PAN yarns. The resistance and temperature of fabric at different voltages were measured by four probe testers and a thermal infrared imager. The results show that when AgNO3 concentration is 10 g/L, the resistance of AgNPs/PANI/PAN conductive yarn is 0.81 Ω/cm. At the same warp and weft density, the resistance of the satin fabric is 0.272 Ω/sq, and the resistance of the plain fabric is 0.404 Ω/sq. When the voltage is 0.8 V, the equilibrium temperature of the satin fabric reaches 77.6 ◦C, and that of the plain fabric reaches 63.4 ◦C. With the increase of applied voltage, the heat loss of satin fabric decreases during the heating process.

Fabric hand properties significantly influence consumer satisfaction and product quality in the textile industry. This study investigates the application of the Fabric Touch Tester (FTT) and Fabric Big Data (FBD) platform for digitising and tracing fabric hand properties during wool textile manufacturing. The research builds on prior studies, confirming that FTT effectively quantifies hand properties during manufacturing, while the FBD platform enables real-time visualisation and networked access to production data. Results reveal that this approach allows fabric properties during manufacturing to be well monitored and enable manufacturers to consider whether redundant steps could be eliminated to enhance resource efficiency. Additionally, this study demonstrates how integrating digital tools into production workflows aligns with ESG and ESPR goals by reducing waste and optimising resource use. These findings offer practical guidance for advancing sustainable textile manufacturing, laying the foundation for more intelligent and transparent production systems.

To solve the problems of wheelchair users’ shoes and boots in the aspects of convenience, warmth, and comfort in low-temperature environments and better meet their physiological and psychological needs, this paper proposes a structural design scheme of easy-to-wear and take-off warm boots based on a new type of warm wadding. At the same time, the fuzzy mathematics comprehensive evaluation method was used to select a new kind of flocculant with excellent thermal and wet comfort polyester fiber flocculant as the filling material for the follow-up warm boots. This paper has guiding significance and application value to the development and application of wheelchair users to put on and take off warm boots.

Fabric flammability is influenced by factors such as the composition of the fibre material, the manufacturing process and additional chemical treatments that are applied. These variables make it difficult to predict the nature and intensity of a clothing fire and the risk of injury associated with flame exposure. The severity of an injury will depend on the duration of the exposure and the temperature of the flames. This investigation aimed to identify the flaming characteristics of multi-layered fabric samples, which have not been reported extensively in the literature. Ninety fabric samples were used in this study, including cotton, wool, polyester, nylon and silk. The tests were conducted inside a controlled laboratory environment. The results revealed that fabric flame temperatures and burn times for wool, polyester, nylon and silk decreased significantly with adding one and two fabric layers. This appears to represent a “protective factor” against burn injury. However, the Cotton samples exhibited the opposite. The maximum flame temperature and combustion times were increased when additional layers were applied. Therefore, it is necessary to perform flammability tests that include multiple layers of fabric material when assessing the potential for fire injury in clothing.

As a visual symbol of information, brand identity influences consumers’ perception of brand image and their purchase intention. However, few literatures have examined the influence of brand identity color on consumers’ purchase intention. The present study takes the green brand logo of clothing as a stimulus material to explore the green symbol of its color and the influence of consumers’ green consumption intention. The results show that (1) the color of clothing brand logo has a significant impact on consumers’ green consumption intention. Consumers have the strongest purchase intention aroused by green clothing brand logos, and the weakest purchase intention aroused by red and purple clothing brand logos. (2) Consumers have the strongest purchase intention provoked by dark-colored clothing brand logos, and the weakest purchase intention provoked by light-colored clothing brand logos; (3) Green purchase intention is highly correlated with the symbol of clothing brand logo color.

Supportive waist protection is the most used among various functional waist protection products. It achieves its supportive effect primarily through elastic-banded supportive strips, with their shape, number, and material influencing the level of support. This study assesses the subjective and objective pressure comfort of waist protection with different support strip designs, utilizing a combination of subjective pressure numerical representation and the Novel-appliance pressure testing system. The findings indicate that pressure from supportive waist protection is primarily concentrated in the posterior and lateral lumbar regions, with the lateral region experiencing greater pressure than the anterior and posterior centre regions. Moreover, pressure along the abdominal circumference line generally exceeds that along the waist circumference line. The comfortable pressure value in the posterior waist region exceeds that in the lateral and frontal regions. Finally, varying shapes, numbers, and materials of support strips result in different pressure intensities in the posterior waist region, with 4 strips of bionic material offering the best waist comfort and 4 strips of steel plate providing the least comfort.

Sustainability in the fashion and textile industry is becoming a significant research focus due to global warming and climate change. However, more research is needed on consumers’ carbon emissions in the context of clothing consumers. This study focuses on consumers and develops a comprehensive accounting model of the carbon footprint of clothing consumption. A simulation experiment is conducted through surveys and empirical data to calculate the carbon emissions associated with consumers engaging in clothing purchase and clothing use. The sensitivity analysis examines the factors influencing carbon emissions at each stage. The finding reveals that in the overall carbon footprint of clothing consumers, clothing use has the highest impact than clothing purchase. The findings from this study offer valuable insights for consumers looking to reduce their carbon footprint during clothing purchase and use and also serve as a foundation for future research endeavours, which has great significance for the reduction of carbon emissions in society as a whole.

Breast measurement presents a complex challenge in the design of sports bras, particularly for adolescent girls whose bodies are rapidly changing. This study aimed to explore breast anthropometry among adolescents. A survey involving 23 girls aged 10 to 14 assessed their understanding of bra-related problems. In comparison, a wear trial with 7 girls sized 30AA to 32A evaluated their preferences through five bra conditions, 3D scanning and questionnaires. The study revealed a significant knowledge gap, with only 8.7% having had a bra fitting and less than half knowing how to determine their bra size. Notably, the upper bust measurement was significantly correlated with the level of “coolness” (r = −0.395 and p = 0.038), and the under bust measurement was correlated with the level of “comfort” (r = −0.441 and p = 0.019). The findings suggest a need for breathable fabrics in the upper bust while a preference for a stretchable underband to accommodate body growth. These results highlight the need to design sports bras tailored to the unique needs of adolescent girls, providing designers with critical insights into the necessary features and dimensions for optimal comfort during physical activity.

Warmth is a key consideration for consumers when choosing products. Existing research has mostly focused on testing the warmth performance of down products in a horizontal state, neglecting the nonhorizontal state during actual wearing. This study investigates the thermal insulation performance of down waddings under different placement conditions and their interrelationships. Four types of stitching spacing and five types of unit filling amounts are determined through market research, and 20 pieces of down waddings are made. Thermal resistance experiments are conducted in both horizontal placement and 24-hour suspension states. The experimental results show that under 24-hour suspension, the thermal resistance value of down waddings generally decreases; Under the same stitching spacing conditions, the unit filling amount corresponding to the maximum thermal resistance value in the 24-hour suspension state has decreased; There is a significant difference in thermal resistance values between the two placement states, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.939, indicating a strong positive correlation; A mathematical regression model y = 0.825x + 0.033 is established through SPSS analysis to describe the relationship between the thermal insulation of down wadding in two different placement conditions. The findings of this study provide an important theoretical basis and practical guidance for further research, design, and production of down products.

This work realises the total parametric design of the insole through the topological structural design of the lattice units, which helps to meet the pressure requirements of different locations and increase the comfort and personalisation of insoles. Prior research has primarily concentrated on creating planar porous structures and basic geometric insole structures; intricate three-dimensional lattice structure optimisation has been systematically neglected. To close this gap, the research examines three common porous lattice structural units for analysis: equilateral triangular, square, and hexagonal units. It does this by using 3D printing technology to produce customised insoles. In addition, variance analysis is carried out, and the orthogonal experimental design method is used to examine the significant impact of structural design factors on the compressive performance of the porous lattice structure. The lattice’s structural neutral size, unit size, and rod diameter are chosen to influence the elastic modulus. With a 22% reduction in maximum plantar pressure and an 18% reduction in average pressure compared to the uniform solid structure, research reveals a considerable improvement in plantar pressure distribution with the lattice insole structure created in this study. In the meantime, the porous lattice structure’s overall weight is 15% less than that of the solid structure, which successfully reduces the insole’s burden while still fulfilling the standards for mechanical performance. This study offers a fresh technological perspective on creating customised, comfortable insoles.

To increase the protective capacity of yarns while maintaining human wearing comfort, pure UHMWPE filament and Spandex were combined to fabricate an elastic high-performance covered yarn. The various wrapping process parameters were adjusted to prepare this single-lay-covered yarn with a perfect wrapping status, which also can achieve the balance of strength and elasticity. It was discovered that the wrapping process seriously affected the covered yarn’s performance, and the new single-lay covered yarn showed desirable high strength and super elasticity. The strength of covered yarns shows three types of trend with the twist added, including first steep (300 t/m ∼ 400 t/m), then gentle (500 t/m ∼ 600 t/m) and last drastic (700 t/m ∼ 800 t/m). The covered yarn twisted at 700 t/m shows the optimal coverage morphology, excellent elasticity, and high strength. Finally, an elastic cut-resistant fabric is practically knitted by this fabricated elastic cut-resistant composite yarn, and it presents good flexibility and protection with Level 2 cut resistance under standard testing. The fabricated elastic high-performance covered yarn is an ideal material for producing highly elastic protective textiles and is applied to manufacture high-quality flexible protective equipment.

Under the guidance of the “dual carbon” goal, the country has entered a new development period of low carbon and green, and brand building and value enhancement have become an important direction of the current market development. As a highly polluting apparel industry, the various apparel brands under its industry must also seize the opportunity for development and low-carbon transformation and become an important force in promoting carbon peak and carbon neutrality. This can be done by enhancing the low-carbon image of the brand, actively exploring the mode and experience of sustainable production and consumption, and vigorously promoting the green transformation of the global fashion industry. In this paper, we first sorted out. We summarised the related research on low-carbon brand value. We explored the problems of apparel brands failing to practice low-carbon development from three basic dimensions: product, brand marketing and internal brand management. We then proposed corresponding solutions and strategies to enhance brand value. The study finds that apparel brands can try to increase innovation investment to create product and service differentiation, improve the internal management mode to enhance the competitiveness of the low-carbon market, and actively fulfil the brand’s social responsibility to contribute to the realisation of the national goal of “dual carbon”.

The thermal properties of textiles are essential for ensuring the comfort of both fabric and clothing systems. Phase change materials (PCMs), which contain latent heat, play a significant role in this area. As ambient temperature fluctuates, PCMs absorb heat, melt or release heat, and solidify. Throughout these melting and crystallizing processes, the temperature of the PCM remains constant. Integrating suitable PCMs into garments helps maintain a stable temperature within the micro-environment between the garment and the wearer. The effectiveness depends on the quantity of PCMs used. This study synthesised and evaluated a novel type of nano-capsule containing PCM Glauber’s salt. Advanced techniques such as Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to analyze the developed nano-capsules. Additionally, a finite element model was created to enhance the understanding of the thermal mechanisms in textiles incorporating PCMs. This comprehensive analysis aims to promote the application of PCMs in protective textiles, contributing to developing next-generation materials that provide thermal regulation and protection for the wearer.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) demonstrate great potential in biosensing applications, particularly in sweat sensing, due to their high specific surface area, adjustable pore sizes, and unique catalytic properties. This review presents the advancements, fabrication techniques and potential applications of flexible sweat sensors utilizing MOFs. The background and importance of MOFs in sweat sensing were introduced, underscoring their capacity to elevate the efficiency and precision of such sensors. The structural optimisation, ligand choice, and fabrication techniques of MOFs were discussed. Various synthesis methods were explored, including electrochemical, solvothermal, room-temperature, and microwave/ultrasound-assisted approaches. The applications of MOF-based sweat sensors in trace element detection, colourimetric sensing, sports monitoring, and biomedicine were highlighted. MOFs’ high sensitivity, selectivity, and stability in these contexts underscore their potential to enhance sensor performance. The review concludes by discussing the challenges faced by flexible sweat sensors based on Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), such as the diversification of detectable substances. It outlines future directions, particularly towards intelligence and high efficiency. It emphasizes the necessity of achieving high precision and multifunctionality. This review comprehensively analyses the current status and future prospects of flexible sweat sensors utilising MOFs, highlighting their significant role in advancing sweat-sensing technology.

Chinese embroidery is an important traditional craft that holds cultural significance and reflects the essence of Chinese culture. With the rise of the cultural creative industry, there is a growing demand for innovative approaches to incorporating Chinese embroidery into a wide range of products. However, a research gap exists regarding methods to address this integration’s unique challenges and opportunities adequately. Therefore, this study explores the integration of Chinese embroidery into cultural and creative product design through the synergistic utilisation of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Quality Function Deployment (QFD) and the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ). This approach presents a holistic and streamlined design methodology. AHP and QFD are employed to address customer requirements, whereas TRIZ is employed to overcome technical obstacles and foster innovative solutions. This study aims to bridge the research gap by combining qualitative and quantitative methods to explore solutions for integrating Chinese embroidery into cultural and creative product design, tapping into its diverse artistic and cultural potentials. The research objective is to inspire the development of more innovative and culturally significant products, integrating the elements and aesthetics of Chinese embroidery into cultural and creative product design. The significance of this study lies in its incorporation of systematic methods and methodological innovation. Designers can create products that preserve and promote the rich heritage of Chinese embroidery within the realm of cultural and creative product design, ensuring its sustainability and evolution within the cultural creative industry.

Hairspray is widely used worldwide in beauty salons and barbershops to create customized hairstyles. However, the chemicals in hairspray are highly flammable, posing significant risks of burn injuries to staff and customers, especially when clothing is exposed to heated tools such as hairdryers or curling irons. Hairsprays typically contain polymer-based adhesives, liquid solvents, and propellant gases. During application, a notable amount of overspray can settle on clothing, depositing a thin adhesive layer on the fabric. This research project aimed to assess how exposure to hairspray alters the flammability of different fabric types, including Silk, Cotton, Wool, Nylon, and Polyester. Fifteen fabric samples were treated with hairspray, while another fifteen samples served as untreated controls. All treated samples were exposed to the same amount of hairspray and left to dry for 24 hours, while the control samples remained untouched. Flame temperatures and total burn times were measured during testing. The findings revealed that the maximum flame temperatures for Polyester increased by 140%, with burn times rising by 74%. For Nylon, flame temperatures rose 178%, and burn times increased 75%. In contrast, the flame temperatures and burn times for Silk, Cotton, and Wool remained unchanged. The results of further analysis using differential scanning calorimetry and Raman Microspectroscopy suggested that the flammability differences between natural and synthetic fibres are linked to fibre

polarity and hydrophobicity variations.